Flat feet, also known as fallen arches, are a condition in which the arches of the feet are lower than average or completely absent. This foot issue affects people of all ages and ranges from mild to severe. While some individuals experience no discomfort, others may face challenges in daily activities due to structural changes in their feet. Understanding and addressing this condition early can help reduce complications that might arise over time.
What Do Flat Feet Encompass?
Flat feet occur when the arches of the feet collapse entirely or are underdeveloped. This situation can happen in one foot or both. The arches of the feet are formed by bones, tendons, and ligaments, which work together to create proper alignment and support during movement. When the arches are not well-formed or no longer function correctly, the sole may come into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. This circumstance causes what is commonly referred to as flat feet.
This condition is classified into two types: flexible and rigid. Flexible flat feet allow the arches to appear when the person is not bearing weight, such as while sitting or lying down, but the arches disappear when standing or walking. Conversely, rigid flat feet do not form arches, regardless of whether weight is applied. This ailment can have a variety of causes, including genetics, injury, illness, or weakening of the tendons over time. While it often develops in childhood when the arches fail to form, this condition can also arise later in life due to obesity, arthritis, or excessive strain on the feet.
What Are the Risks of Leaving Flat Feet Untreated?
Flat feet can lead to several complications if not diagnosed and managed appropriately. The severity of the condition and the potential strain it places on the lower limbs and joints often determine these complications. One of the primary concerns with this condition is the potential for pain in the feet, ankles, and lower legs. When the arches are absent, the alignment of the foot changes, causing an unusual distribution of weight. Over time, this may result in muscle fatigue and occasional discomfort during walking or other weight-bearing activities.
Another risk is the development of joint issues, particularly in the knees and hips. These conditions change the way individuals move, often altering their gait. This altered alignment can increase the stress on other joints, leading to knee or hip pain.
Shoes can also wear unevenly in those with untreated fallen arches. The lack of arch support causes the feet to roll inwards excessively, a condition known as overpronation. Overpronation alters the distribution of pressure on the footwear. This uneven distribution leads to faster wear and tear on specific areas of the shoe. Over time, this biomechanical imbalance may make it more challenging to engage in physical activities.
For some people, untreated fallen arches can contribute to the development of plantar fasciitis, a condition involving tissue inflammation along the bottom of the foot. This development can result in heel pain, making it difficult to carry out daily tasks. Other potential complications include shin splints, swelling in the feet or ankles, and overall reduced mobility.
Seek Treatment for Flat Feet
While common, this foot issue can present challenges that impact daily life and overall mobility when left unaddressed. Early recognition of the condition provides an opportunity to minimize associated risks and discomforts. Treatment options may include supportive footwear, orthotics, and targeted physical therapy to strengthen the muscles that support the arches. If this condition affects daily comfort or mobility, contact a podiatrist to explore options for maintaining proper foot function and reducing the risk of future complications.
